Fertility preservation

Fertility is the ability of a person to procreate. For women, the concept includes the ability to conceive, bear and give birth to healthy offspring. Male fertility refers exclusively to the ability to fertilize. The achievements of modern medicine allow not only to analyze the reproductive capabilities of partners, but also to effectively preserve them for a long time.

When is a diagnosis needed?

Fertility diagnostics in men and women is necessary both for healthy patients planning pregnancy in the future, and for those who have experienced serious diseases (including oncology). The survey allows you to find out the objective reproductive possibilities.

Experts advise to undergo a series of studies when:

·       planning a "delayed pregnancy"

·       before therapy of various diseases (including malignant neoplasms)

·       before serious surgical interventions that may adversely affect the state of the reproductive system of one or both partners

 MALE FERTILITY DIAGNOSTICS

Diagnosis involves two main examinations for men:

·       MARtest

·       spermogram

·       After them, the man is provided with information about the level of his fertility. Specialists pay special attention to the condition of spermatozoa, their ability to successfully fertilize eggs.

Diagnosis of fertility in women

Diagnostics includes:

·       ovarian ultrasound

·       hormonal research

·       determination of AMH (marker of ovarian reserve)

Particular attention is paid to the window of fertility and ovulation. These indicators largely determine a woman's ability to conceive and the period in which pregnancy is likely. Many patients mistakenly believe that the window of fertility in the menstrual cycle is 24-26 hours of ovulation. In fact, spermatozoa that have entered the genital tract of a woman are able to remain active for several days. The probability of fertilization in this period increases. This is called the "fertility window". The actual duration of such a window is 56 days.

With a stable menstrual cycle, it is not difficult to determine fertile days. If necessary, the patient can always consult with her doctor.

The main methods are:

·       Cryopreservation of mature oocytes obtained using special ovulation stimulation protocols or in natural cycles. First, the patient is examined, then ovarian stimulation using special hormonal preparations and follicle puncture. The resulting oocytes are frozen and stored. The defrosting process can be carried out at any time

Cryopreservation of embryos. After receiving the oocytes, they are fertilized and the embryos are cultured. Further, the procedure involves the selection of embryos, keeping them in cryoprotectors and placing them on special carriers with instant cooling. Then the biological material is stored in cryostorage (up to 10 years or more). It can be thawed with a decrease in fertility